Hi everyone:
Ryn :) Thanks for the questions... I bet you'll wish you'd never asked though... theres no simple explanation in Buddhism!!!! And sometimes even a longwinded explanation will leave you scratching your head so I hope that doesn't happen, but I'm sorry if it does!!!!!
Nirvana. Ok, I actually think you're talking about Enlightenment. Nirvana is eternal happiness and the ceasation of suffering. Like 'Heaven'. Enlightenment, or the Wisdom of Emptiness... is the wisdom that arises from the direct experience of all phenomena being empty of independent existence.
Theravada traditions focus on Nirvana as the ultimate goal... Mahayana traditions focus on Enlightenment, or Buddhahood. Even though being a Buddha will ultimately lead to Nirvana after death, and to get to Nirvana you must have Buddhahood, so both are striving for basically the same thing, the goals are actually very different (but I think thats for anoher post!!!!!). I like Mayahanan tradtions because of the goal to become a Bodhisattva... a Buddha who pronglongs their life on Earth in order to help others stop their suffering.
Ok, Karma. Ahhh, how did I know this would come up! Society has grasped a very basic understanding of Karma, saying that some "deserve" 'bad' karma, and some "deserve" 'good' karma.
Karma is directly related to rebirth, so you'll have to put your imagination caps on if you don't believe in rebirth and bare with me for a sec :)
Buddhist believe in rebirth, or samsara (cycle), and that peoples energy (or, you could say, 'souls') continue to be rebirthed until they reach Enlightenment and move onto Nirvana. Karma is a prt of the energy... people carrying their Karma from their past life, through this life, and to the next. The Karma you hold at the end of one life determines where you go and your circumstances in the next life.
I see a lot of parallels between Buddhism and Christianity, I find it fascinating, but a major difference is that in Buddhism we don't have a 'God', Buddha is not a God, he is a man, kind of like Jesus. But our actions, our Karma, ultimately determine where we go after a death. Which is kind of like judgement, but with no God... Ahhhh... I'm going to cut and paste this is way to hard to explain!!!!!!
(It's hard to find a explanation less than 5 paragraphs long!!!!)
So on "Judgement Day" when you face God, your actions of your life are judged... For Buddhists, we are judged on our actions too, but we call it Karma...:
Karma
Karma is a Sanskrit word from the root "Kri" to do or to make and simply means "action." It operates in the universe as the continuous chain reaction of cause and effect. It is not only confined to causation in the physical sense but also it has moral implications. "A good cause, a good effect; a bad cause, a bad effect" is a common saying. In this sense karma is a moral law.
Now human beings are constantly giving off physical and spiritual forces in all directions. In physics we learn that no energy is ever lost; only that it changes form. This is the common law of conservation of energy. Similarly, spiritual and mental action is never lost. It is transformed. Thus Karma is the law of the conservation of moral energy.
By actions, thoughts, and words, man is releasing spiritual energy to the universe and he is in turn affected by influences coming in his direction. Man is therefore the sender and receiver of all these influences. The entire circumstances surrounding him is his karma.
With each action-influence he sends out and at the same time, receives, he is changing. This changing personality and the world he lives in, constitute the totality of his karma.
Karma should not be confused with fate. Fate is the notion that man's life is preplanned for him by some external power, and he has no control over his destiny. Karma on the other hand, can be changed. Because man is a conscious being he can be aware of his karma and thus strive to change the course of events. In the Dhammapada we find the following words, "All that we are is a result of what we have thought, it is founded on our thoughts and made up of our thoughts."
What we are, then, is entirely dependent on what we think. Therefore, the nobility of man's character is dependent on his"good" thoughts, actions, and words. At the same time, if he embraces degrading thoughts, those thoughts invariably influence him into negative words and actions.
I should clear up that Buddhists never want someone to accumulate bad Karma. So there isn't any satisfaction in saying "Oh well, he'll get his"... it's really saddening that people use i like that... Buddhist's would rather every person live honestly and truly, without negative actions or thoughts.
I should point out as well, since we carry our Karma, that our circumstancces we are born into reflect our Karma from our past life... but it isn't about punishing people for their past lives, but trying to teach them and encourage good actions and good Karma... does that make sense? BTW... suffering is not caused by Karma... Buddhist believe and accept that suffering is an inevitable fact of life. This is the First Noble Truth... Life is suffering (not to be morbid...!). So if someone is suffering at death, it isn't because of bad Karma, it is because of the nature of life. The Buddha suffered from illnesses throughout his life... the Dalai Lama himself has a serious medical condition... but this is the nature of life, not Karma.
Hope I've answered your questions Ryn... I'm not trying to convert you either... just clear up misconceptions... there are a lot surrounding Buddhism!!!!!
Jennifer: Well, I just explained Karma... Mostly, the thing I think most important, is that suffering isn't Karma. Karma does not cause suffering. Sickness, heartache, death... are all facts of life, no ammount of good Karma can stop it, no ammount of bad Karma can encourage suffering. Suffering can be overcome... that is the goal of Buddhism... Enlightenment and Nirvana... but thats a whole other topic altogether, and not a lot to do with Karma.
Ok, our Holy Days...
On Visakah Puja we celebrate Buddha's Birth, Death, and Enlightenment. Basically it is a celebration of Buddha. I like to get up, take the precepts (5) and pray. I have a Shakyamuni Buddha at home, and puja (puja means worship and offer) by offering incense and candles, I go to a temple or somewhere they are having worship, and listen to them speak, like a sermon. I'll have a nice lunch, and fast for the day, and pray and read the scriptures and meditate.
You can take the precepts at a temple at sunrise as well, but I do it at home. Most people go to a Shakyamuni Buddha Puja at a temple or shrine constructed for the day (like at Southbank in Qld lol), and give offerings of lotus flowers, incense, candles, and rice cakes. A lot of people construct holy objects like stupas and tsa-tsas because of the merit accumulated on such an auspicious day. Some people like to take the 10 precepts and pray for the day. Some feast, before noon, and fast for the rest of the day.
And thats pretty much what happens on all holy days! In some countries, celebrations are held, there is a lot of festivities, music, dancing, singing, presents etc. I like to spend the day in worship and prayer and meditation.
Monthly holy days... precept days... i get up at sunrise and take the precepts and pray. You can do it at the temple somtimes, which I don't 99% of the time. Precept days coincide with the moon, and are held on the four phases of the moon.
On the Puja days you worship and make offerings to different Buddha's... at Chenrezig once a month there is Tara Puja (a female Buddha), and Medicine Buddha Puja (for healing physically and emotionally)... Guru puja (teacher worship) twice a month, and others which come around less frequently. Some people worship these and others weekly. It just depends on your temple.
I don't know many other Buddhists in the town I live, but I know there are a lot of people that go to Chenrezig (some from Brisbane and Gold Coast). I don't go to Chenrezig a lot for worship, mainly because its so difficult to get to! They have a homestudy program and I can talk on the phone with people when i would like some guidance on that. I would like to go more, just because its so peaceful and wonderful. For a service it is usually a talk about a certain part of a scripture, depending on the topic, they like to use analogies, how they apply to now. Usually you walk out so much more confused, but I think they mean to do that!!!!! :p
Hmmm.... I don't think you want me to say much more... Namaste and think about this a while if it doesn't make sense straight up.
