...Generally speaking, the differences will be in the following:
Body dimensions: taller bodies suit toddlers and babies who like to be carried with arms in. Shorter bodies suit younger / smaller babies. (And similarly, taller bodies suit taller wearers, short ones suit short people). Narrower bodies may be preferred by petite wearers (a wider body like that of a Kozy gapes on me causing my baby to sag and lean), wider bodies by those with a larger frame. Bodies that taper in or can be cinched at the bottom creating a narrower seat (like a Connecta) are better for smaller babies, bodies that flare out somewhat at the bottom creating a wider seat are good for toddlers and tall babies as it prevents their legs from drooping and helps encourage the knees higher than bum position.
Shoulder angle: narrower shouldered people generally like shallow angled shoulder straps (eg: catbirdbaby), broader shouldered people prefer wide angled straps like in the Kozy. I think a babyhawk is somewhere in the middle.
Shoulder strap width and padding: Theoretically speaking, padded straps can provide greater support, but most mei tais have light padding compared to (for example) an Ergo, and can be equally, if not more comfortable as they are more 'mouldable' to the individual. Some find the Ergo padding to be a little rigid. Narrower mei tai straps (usually about 10cm wide) tend to have some padding. The other end of the spectrum is wrap style straps (eg: Ball Baby Overall - BBO, Octi Mei Tai - OMT are two of the more well known types - both hard to get in Aus) and woven wrap conversions which have wide, unpadded straps (usually at least 15-20cm wide) that work more like a wrap on a mei tai body. Because they cover a large surface area, these are very supportive and comfortable without being padded, I would personally say more comfortable than a padded strap.
Fabric: the heavier the fabric - the more supportive. Canvas and drill are often used in multiple layers in the body of toddler carriers.
Waist: heavily padded SSC (soft structured carrier) style waist bands with seat darts in the body are often used in toddler mei tais (although these are not able to be worn apron style like a true mei tai), or medium weight padding in a traditional tied waist offers more support. Some mei tais use unpadded waist straps attached to the side of the body either at a 90 or 45 degree angle (the Kozy has an angled waist, a BBO has 90 degree waist straps), whereas others use a full waist band attached to the bottom of the body that usually has even just a little bit of padding.
There are sooooo many different types of mei tais out there it's not funny. Apart from wraps, they are probably the most versatile carriers you can get. If you join a babywearing group (either baby carriers downunder for 'local' knowledge - they also have a loaners database, or thebabywearer is more international in focus), you can get an idea of what will suit you personally. It's also useful to know that just because one type of mei tai may not be extremely comfortable for you - something else more than likely will.
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