What is a Nightmare?
Nightmares occur when your child is woken while having a bad dream. It is sometimes not easy to comfort your child because he or she might recall the content of the nightmare and be afraid to go back to sleep. Give your child a reassuring hug and then settling back to sleep is usually quick. Nightmares can occur in children of any age and are most likely to happen during the later part of the sleep such as in the early morning. This is when Rapid Eye Movement (REM) or Dream Sleep usually occurs. Nightmares can reflect worries that your child might be having during the day and it might be useful to talk to about this with them.
What's the difference between Nightmares and Night Terrors?
Night terrors occur when children are partially aroused from deep (Stage 4) sleep. They are not quite awake yet not completely asleep. Throughout the night terror your child's "mind" remains asleep, whereas the "body" looks somehow awake and facial expressions are very emotional. Your child may scream and appear very frightened, usually not recognising the parents or carers. It will be difficult to reassure your child and they may try to run away or push away those trying to console. Night terrors do not arise from REM sleep and are therefore under the group of Non-REM sleep disorders. Usually your child does not remember having the night terror the next morning. Night terrors tend to occur in younger children and are usually outgrown by the end of primary school age. They are also different to nightmares because they usually take place in the early part of the night, usually one or two hours after the child falls asleep. Like nightmares, there are usually no long-term psychological effects.
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