Question: Should I Be Tested for Celiac Disease After Multiple Miscarriages?
Someone told me that celiac disease might be a cause of my recurrent miscarriages. Could that be true? Should I get tested for celiac disease?
Answer:
One of many frustrating aspects of recurrent miscarriages is that there are more questions than answers as to why some couples find themselves facing multiple pregnancy losses. There are many theories but only a handful of recognized causes of recurrent pregnancy losses. One theory is that untreated celiac disease (intolerance of gluten proteins) could have some role in recurrent miscarriages.
But what's the evidence for this theory? Should you be tested for celiac disease if you've had recurrent miscarriages?
Here is what UpToDate, an electronic reference for doctors and patients, has to say about the matter:
"Untreated celiac disease, even when subclinical, has been associated with pregnancy loss, menstrual disorders, and infertility. Treatment of celiac disease appears to prevent these problems.
"The relationship between untreated celiac disease and pregnancy loss is not well defined. A population based cohort study of over 1500 women with celiac disease found the miscarriage rate among women with the disease was 1.31 higher than those without the disease (95% CI 1.06-1.61). In a smaller case-control study, a stronger association was found (95% CI 1.19-66.3). However, others could not confirm this association. In addition, no study has shown that celiac disease causes repeated pregnancy loss. Nevertheless, due to the effects of the disease to health in general, and the possible positive effects of treatment of the disease, we suggest screening women with RPL for celiac disease."
What that means is that there's not a whole lot of research fleshing out the specifics of exactly how celiac disease relates to recurrent miscarriages, but it seems like women with untreated or even subclinical celiac disease (who have no obvious symptoms of gluten intolerance) may face a higher risk of miscarriage.
It's not yet proven that celiac disease is a true cause of miscarriages rather than a possible risk factor, and the evidence is mixed on the level of risk involved. But it does appear that there is enough evidence of a link that you might want to ask your doctor about screening if you are having recurrent miscarriages and suspect you could have celiac disease, especially since undiagnosed celiac disease could cause other negative health effects.
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