Is Breastfeeding an Effective Contraceptive?
Research has shown that breastfeeding suppresses fertility. Yet many women know someone who became pregnant when breastfeeding -- or became pregnant themselves during breastfeeding. Service providers are sometimes reluctant to allow women to rely on breastfeeding for pregnancy protection, and have in certain settings discouraged breastfeeding in favor of initiating a modern method of contraception.
In 1988, a group of scientists met in Bellagio, Italy to define a set of guidelines that a woman could use to predict her return to fertility during breastfeeding. The scientists reviewed data from studies regarding return to fertility and determined that breastfeeding can provide up to 98% effective contraception if three criteria are met:
The mother has not experienced the return of her menstrual periods (bleeding up to the 56th postpartum day is considered part of the postpartum recovery process and is not counted as menstrual bleeding);
The mother is fully or nearly fully breastfeeding; and
The baby is less than six months old.
These guidelines later defined a new method of family planning called the Lactational Amenorrhea Method or LAM. Clinical trials have shown that LAM is at least as effective as the Bellagio scientists predicted it would be. Fewer than 1% of LAM users in three clinical trials became pregnant when all the three LAM criteria were met.
Bookmarks