The truth about walking epidurals
By Michelle Bowers
The majority of women who deliver a baby each year opt for pain relief. Many choose a walking or low-dose epidural, believing that they'll be able to pace the halls during their pain-free contractions. But that's not always the case. "A walking epidural is really a misnomer. The majority of women who have one aren't getting out of bed," says Linda Mayberry, R.N., Ph.D., associate professor of nursing at New York University. Below are the three most popular options for labor pain relief. All have the following drawbacks: The anesthesia may lower your blood pressure, which can slow the baby's heart rate; contractions may be slowed, in which case Pitocin (a synthetic version of the hormone oxytocin) may be used to stimulate them; increased monitoring such as blood pressure and fetal monitoring is required; and sometimes a bad headache may set in.
Epidural
Anesthesia, such as bupivacaine or lidocaine, is injected through a catheter into the space around the spine.The catheter remains in place, so additional doses can be given throughout labor.
Pros
Pain is nearly eliminated, and you'll remain alert
Relief is lasting because catheter remains in place
Anesthesia does not enter the baby's bloodstream
Cons
Anesthesia can take up to 20 minutes to kick in
You won't be able to walk
Since the lower body is numb, it may be difficult to push during delivery
Spinal block
With a spinal block, anesthesia is injected directly into the spinal cord fluid. Relief is fast, but wears off after a few hours. Since there is no catheter, additional doses aren't an option. Spinal blocks are frequently used late in labor.
Pros
Relief is almost immediate and you'll remain alert
Anesthesia doesn't enter the baby's bloodstream
Cons
You can't walk
Relief only lasts for an hour or two
Numbness may cause difficulty pushing in delivery
Rarely, an infection or nerve injury can result
Walking epidural
This option combines a narcotic like fentanyl (which dulls pain) with a lower dose of anesthesia (which blocks all sensation in one part of the body), leaving your legs less numb. Because of this, some women can move around and get out of bed. (Note: This isn't available at all hospitals.)
Pros
Pain relief is very rapid
Relief continues throughout labor since a catheter remains in place
You may be able to walk around
Cons
The narcotics can leave you groggy and the baby sleepy
Rarely, an infection or nerve injury can result
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