Implications for practice
In motivated mothers, there is moderate evidence that pacifier use
in healthy term breastfeeding infants before and after lactation is
established does not reduce the duration of breastfeeding up to four
months of age. However, there is insufficient information on the
potential harms of pacifiers on infants and mothers. In the light of
the current review we recommend that until further information
becomes available on the effects of pacifiers on the infant, mothers
who are well motivated to breastfeed be enabled to make a decision
on the use of a pacifier based on personal preference.
Implications for research
Further research is recommended to address the effect of paci-
fier use on duration of breastfeeding that include less motivated
women. We also recommend well-designed RCTs to assess the rate
breastfeeding difficulties faced by mothers associated with pacifier
use and the long-term effect of pacifier use on mother and infant
health.
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