you should be safe with FTB, although it can take up to 5 weeks for a claim to be processed, so you'd need to do it immediately on getting into the country

other income support (parenting payment etc) - if you've been out of the country long term, you may have a delay in getting that granted. i would ring and apply for the payment as soon as you get to Australia, and let the processing peeps decide on that one - it's better to apply and be rejected than to not apply and find out later you COULD have - ftb will be backdated to your arrival in Au - no other payment will be