Essential Fatty Acids
More than half the calories in today's infant formulas come from fat, much like breast milk. To grow, infants need this high level of fat in their diet. Although the role of specific nutrients present in human milk regarding the promotion of optimal cognitive development remains a controversial issue, recent extensive clinical research has demonstrated the importance of two essential fatty acids in infant development.
Docosahexaenoic acid (
DHA) and arachidonic acid (
AA) are long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids found throughout the body. DHA, a key component of heart, brain, and ocular tissue, is important for proper brain and eye development in infants and has been shown to support cardiovascular health in adults. AA, also found in brain tissue as well as in other cells, plays an important role in immunity and other vital bodily functions.
Both DHA and AA, found in foods such as meat, eggs, milk, and fish, are natural components of breast milk and are present in varying levels depending on the mother's diet.
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