It will probably depend on your general health, family history, and (sorry to say it) your age.

General health indicators include things like blood pressure, weight & height, breast checks (esp if you have dense or lumpy breasts), and possibly cholesterol and/or fasting blood sugar. Other things to ask about include Vitamin D (if you don't spend a lot of time in the sun or have dark skin), or iron and thyroid (if you're struggling with tiredness/lack of energy).

In relation to lactose intolerance, not sure if there's a blood test but it's best to discuss any symptoms you're having with the doc. Tummy issues can be caused by lots of things so I imagine that would be something the dr would want to follow up if it's not getting better over a period of time.