If he sounded distressed I would personally tend to him. Our toddler went through a separation anxiety phase at this age and was particularly clingy. We also battled sleep issues but chose not to do any controlled crying. There are a variety of other methods that may work for you other than cry it out, particularly if you are on the gentle parenting path. Having said that, sleep deprivation is a monster and you need to look after yourself too.
We used a method where we went back into the room and resettled her if she cried by laying her back down and patting on the bottom. Once resettled, we would leave the room again and repeat the process if necessary. We planned to dedicate at least three nights to this method, knowing they could be three sleepless nights, but she took to it quickly. Sleeping bags can also make it harder for them to stand up in their cot.
Its hard to see the light when you are lacking in sleep and unfortunately, these things are rarely an overnight fix. But in the end, you are his mum and know him, and whats appropriate for him, better than anyone.
Best of luck.