Do you think women should have to give informed consent for an episiotomy? Yes.

Do you think that it is ok for HCPs to assume consent (for an episiotomy) if consent has been given for vacc or forceps? No, in an ideal situation I think they should explain what is involved for vac and forceps, including an episiotomy. I also think that a woman should inform herself on anything that MIGHT happen during her birth, so that she knows what's going to happen anyway and can give/refuse consent even if it hasn't been requested.

Do you think that it is ok for HCPs to assume consent (for an episiotomy) because a woman is in labour and has entered a hospital? Big no.

Do you think it is ok for a woman to refuse a procedure? When/Why? When is it not ok? Yes, whenever, for whatever reason. I believe she should also state WHY she is refusing, just as she would expect the HCP to explain WHY they want to do something. Nobody is a mind reader, there needs to be conversation.