Normally, every month when you have your period, the uterine endometrial lining comes out in your menstrual flow. If you suffer from endometriosis then all the misplaced tissue in your viscera responds to the menstrual cycle in the same way that the tissue of the uterine lining does: each month the tissue builds up, breaks down, and sheds. Menstrual blood flows from the uterus and out of the body through the vagina, but the blood and tissue shed from endometrial growths has no way of leaving the body. This results in internal bleeding, breakdown of the blood and tissue from the lesions, and inflammation and can cause pain, infertility, scar tissue formation, adhesions, and bowel problems.
There is a lot of ambivalence over how endometriosis affects a woman’s chances of getting pregnant. But studies have shown that a woman with endometriosis is less likely to conceive than a woman without. Statistics say that 20% of women who have endometriosis and are trying to conceive will not succeed. So, for every 100 women with endometriosis who are trying to conceive, 80 of them will not have problems getting pregnant.
It is also been shown in various other studies that women with endometriosis conceive at lower rates than women without endometriosis and miscarriages are more common in endometriosis patients than in those who do not have the disease. Help is available to these women in the form of surgery where the excess of the tissue is removed from other organs of the viscera. These treatments can be optimized with a combination of good excisional therapy and medical suppressive therapy if there is any suspected residual disease.
If you suffer from mild endometriosis you should continue to attempt pregnancy. Use of ovulation induction with clomiphene citrate (Clomid or Serophene) can also help. Also, a technique called washed intrauterine insemination has been shown to improve pregnancy rates in women with endometriosis if given sufficient time without other factors like irregular ovulation, male factors, or cervical factors.
With moderate to severe endometriosis, surgical excision of all the disease with reconstruction and restoration of anatomy has been shown to achieve pregnancy rates that are higher than for untreated women. Some studies have suggested that post-surgical medical suppression with gonadatropin agonists (Lupron, Synarel, Zoladex) will improve pregnancy rates in women with endometriosis. These therapies can also help to relieve pain in endometriosis patients.
Endometriosis can be extremely frustrating for a woman who is trying to conceive. This is because endometriosis is known to cause infertility. Some studies even suggest that endometriosis is one of the leading causes of infertility. However, with specific treatments, fertility difficulties due to endometriosis can often be addressed. Endometriosis as a cause of infertility is often easier to address than other causes of infertility.
Many women with endometriosis will have no problems with fertility. But for some women who struggle with fertility because of endometriosis, surgery may provide them with an opportunity to conceive. By removing the endometriosis that has currently built up, their reproductive system can be cleared up enough for them to become pregnant and have their baby. While it is true that endometriosis will most likely return provided that a woman still has her uterus and ovaries, removing it can provide a window of opportunity. For women who have not had success with surgery, other fertility aids such as IUI (intrauterine insemination) or IVF (in-vitro fertilization) may be options.
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