Hi Sara, when I smudge I just light dry sage in a little bowl and slowly walk around the house allowing the smoke to drift up in to all the corners and in each room etc. I don't actually say anything and I never put it out in the earth either. I find that works great for me. I also like to soak some sage in water and put it in a spray bottle and then when you want a quick cleanse you can spray the mist around the room.... for example when someone has left a bad vibe in your house or you just want to 'clear the air'