They often refer to the pattern of cysts in polycystic ovaries as a "string of pearls" pattern - just meaning lots of little ones around the outside of the ovary. Polycistic ovaries are not necessarily an indication of PCOS, though. It's possible to have PCOS and have normal ovaries, just as it is possible to have ovaries of polycystic appearance, but not actually have PCOS. PCOS is a fairly common problem and may or may not impact on a woman's ability to ovulate. I have PCOS and don't ovulate at all without assistance, but other women with PCOS can ovulate (and fall pregnant) with no assistance at all. Some may need metformin (helps reduce the insulin resistance that causes PCOS), while others may need clomid... I've needed IVF, but mainly because we have male factor infertility as well.

I think I've answered precisely none of your questions! I'm sorry. Also can't really say anything about the cyst on the kidney - all of that needs to be dealt with by your doctor.

BW